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ARQEVO
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The origin and destiny of the Neandertal lineage remains one of the key research questions addressed by Paleoanthropology and Paleolithic Archeology.
Following‐up on our previous work, the ARQEVO project has the following goals:
a) in the lab, to conclude the study and publication of the Paleolithic contexts (stone tools, faunal, human and macrobotanical remains, etc.) already excavated by the team at Figueira Brava and at the different Almonda sites, and of their paleoenvironmental background;
b) in the field, to undertake test excavation at new sites in the Almonda system that have already been located but remain unexplored and are estimated to have the potential to fill‐in the slots of the local sequence that remain void (namely, the intervals 250,000‐ 100,000 and 40,000‐25,000 years ago), as well as to carry out small scale additional excavation of sites known to contain stratigraphic contexts relevant to two major scientific issues addressed by the project — the Neandertal exploitation of marine resources (Gruta da Figueira Brava), and the nature and timing of the Middle‐to‐Upper Paleolithic transition, namely where the late persistence of the Neandertals in Portugal and southern Spain is concerned (Gruta do Caldeirão).
Following‐up on our previous work, the ARQEVO project has the following goals:
a) in the lab, to conclude the study and publication of the Paleolithic contexts (stone tools, faunal, human and macrobotanical remains, etc.) already excavated by the team at Figueira Brava and at the different Almonda sites, and of their paleoenvironmental background;
b) in the field, to undertake test excavation at new sites in the Almonda system that have already been located but remain unexplored and are estimated to have the potential to fill‐in the slots of the local sequence that remain void (namely, the intervals 250,000‐ 100,000 and 40,000‐25,000 years ago), as well as to carry out small scale additional excavation of sites known to contain stratigraphic contexts relevant to two major scientific issues addressed by the project — the Neandertal exploitation of marine resources (Gruta da Figueira Brava), and the nature and timing of the Middle‐to‐Upper Paleolithic transition, namely where the late persistence of the Neandertals in Portugal and southern Spain is concerned (Gruta do Caldeirão).
1. Almonda Karst System
Almonda karst sites
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The spring of River Almonda is one of the major outlets dotting the southern edge of Estremadura's Central Limestone Massif. At different elevations of a 70 m‐high escarpment rising above the spring (the "Arrife do Almonda"), a labyrinthine network of passages contains several former entrances with Pleistocene fills sealed by roof collapse. Of these, three have been reopened and excavated: in the North‐facing side of the Vale da Serra synclinal, the Galerias da Fauna/Gruta do Pinheiro, where excavation to bedrock of a Pleistocene fill containing hyena denning remains was carried out 2013‐2016; at the top of the "arrife," the Acheulian Gruta da Aroeira/Brecha das Lascas, excavated 1997‐2002 and 2013‐2015; at mid‐elevation, the Middle Palaeolithic Gruta da Oliveira, excavated 1989‐2012, spanning the 37,000‐107,000 years ago interval and containing fragmentary Neandertal remains as well as, in levels dated to the end of the Last Interglacial, the single so‐called "Vasconian" context (Mousterian with handaxes and cleavers) so far known in Portugal. Further down, two other cave openings that did not require clearing — Galeria da Cisterna (excavated 1987‐1988) and Lapa dos Coelhos (excavated 1997‐2010) — yielded evidence relating to the Upper Paleolithic and recent Prehistory.
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2. Figueira Brava (FiBra)
The Gruta da Figueira Brava (Arrábida), excavated 2010‐2013 by the project's team, has shown that Atlantic Iberia's Last Interglacial Neandertals exploited marine foods in a scale comparable to that documented among the Mesolithic hunter‐gatherers of the estuaries of the Tagus and the Sado. Contra arguments to that effect based on South Africa's Middle Stone Age record, broad spectrum economies and habitual fish consumption are therefore neither exclusive to anatomically modern humans nor can they explain the latter's origin and expansion.
The Figueira Brava caves drone-seen from the sea
3. Gruta do Caldeirão
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This cave was excavated by the PI between 1979 and 1988. It features a 6 m‐thick stratigraphic sequence whose basal levels L‐N are Mousterian. We will target level L, as evidence obtained since indicates that, as with Oliveira level 8, its archeology is likely to represent a record of the last of the region's Neandertals. Our recent analysis of the small finds bags resulting from the sorting of past fieldwork's water‐sieved sediment samples has shown that bladelet tools diagnostic of the Aurignacian are present at the interface between layer L and overlying layer K. Additional radiocarbon dating, coupled with technological analysis and the revision of the stratigraphic position of key diagnostics, has corroborated that layer K belongs in the early Upper Paleolithic, not in a Late Mousterian, as originally published. Caldeirão is therefore the only site in Portugal featuring a stratigraphic sequence spanning both sides of the Middle‐to‐Upper Paleolithic transition.
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Caldeirão: The P11-10 cross-section
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Almonda escarpment
Aroeira 2013 trench
Oliveira Neandertal remains
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Principal Investigator (PI)
João Zilhão (UNIARQ, ICREA, Universidade de Barcelona) Co-PI Thierry Aubry (UNIARQ, Fundação Côa Parque) Researchers Alexandre Varanda (UNIARQ) Alistair Pike (Universidade de Southampton) Cristina Gameiro (UNIARQ) Dan Cabanes (Universidade de Rutgers) Diego Angelucci (Universidade de Trento) Dirk Ludwig Hoffmann (Max Planck) Erik Trinkaus (Universidade de Saint Louis) Ernestina Badal (Universidade de Valência) Filipa Rodrigues (UNIARQ) Henrique Matias (UNIARQ) Jean-Philip Brugal (CNRS) Joan Daura Lujan (UNIARQ, Universidade de Barcelona) João Luís Cardoso (UNIARQ, Universidade Aberta, ICArEHB) Josefina Zapata (Universidade de Murcia) Juan Luís Arsuaga (Universidade Complutense de Madrid) Juan Manuel López-García (UNIARQ) Juan Luís Arsuaga (Universidade Complutense de Madrid) Lee Arnold (Universidade de Adelaide) Luis Gomes (UNIARQ) Mariana Nabais (UNIARQ, UCL) Marianne Deschamps (UNIARQ) Marina de Araújo Igreja (LARC, UNIARQ) Martina Demuro (Universidade de Adelaide) Montserrat Sanz (UNIARQ, Universidade Complutense de Madrid) Natalia Egüez (Universidade de Kiel) Rolf Quam (Universidade de Binghamton) Sónia Gabriel (CIBIO, UNIARQ) |
ARQEVO's Researchgate: https://www.researchgate.net/project/ARQEVO-Archeology-and-Evolution-of-Early-Humans-in-the-Western-Facade-of-Iberia
Institutions / Partners
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Bibliography
ZILHÃO, J.; ANGELUCCI, D. E.; IGREJA, M. A.; ARNOLD, L. J.; BADAL, E.; CALLAPEZ, P.; CARDOSO, J. L.; d'ERRICO, F.; DAURA, J.; DEMURO, M.; DESCHAMPS, M.; DUPONT, C.; GABRIEL, S.; HOFFMANN, D. L.; LEGOINHA, P.; MATIAS, H.; SOARES, A. M.; NABAIS, M.; PORTELA, P.; QUEFFELEC., A.; RODRIGUES, F.; SOUTO, P. (2020) — Last Interglacial Iberian Neandertals as fisher-hunter-gatherers. «Science», 367(6485), eaaz7943. doi: 10.1126/science.aaz7943. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/42633
CONDE-VALVERDE, M.; QUAM, R.; MARTINEZ, I.; ARSUAGA, J.-L.; DAURA, J.; SANZ, M.; ZILHÃO, J. (2018) — The bony labyrinth in the Aroeira 3 Middle Pleistocene cranium. «Journal of Human Evolution», 124, p. 105-116. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.08.003. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/36551
DAURA, J.; SANZ, M.; DESCHAMPS, M.; MATIAS, H.; IGREJA, M.; VILLAESCUSA, L.; GOMEZ, S.; RUBIO, A.; SOUTO, P.; RODRIGUES, F.; ZILHÃO, J.(2018) — A 400,000-year-old Acheulean assemblage associated with the Aroeira-3 human cranium (Gruta da Aroeira, Almonda karst system, Portugal). «Comptes Rendus Palevol», 17(8), p. 594-615. doi: 10.1016/j.crpv.2018.03.003. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/36552
DESCHAMPS, M.; ZILHÃO, J. (2018) — Assessing site formation and assemblage integrity through stone tool refitting at Gruta da Oliveira (Almonda karst system, Torres Novas, Portugal): A Middle Paleolithic case study. «PLoS One», 13(2), e0192423. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192423. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/31796
LÓPEZ-GARCÍA, J. M.; BLAIN, H.-A.; SANZ, M.; DAURA, J.; ZILHÃO, J. (2018) — Refining the environmental and climatic background of the Middle Pleistocene human cranium from Gruta da Aroeira (Torres Novas, Portugal). «Quaternary Science Reviews», 200, p. 367-375. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.10.003 http://hdl.handle.net/10451/36569
SANZ, M.; SALA, N.; DAURA, J.; PANTOJA-PEREZ, A.; SANTOS, E.; ZILHÃO, J.; ARSUAGA, J. L. (2018) — Taphonomic inferences about Middle Pleistocene hominins: The human cranium of Gruta da Aroeira (Portugal). «American Journal of Physical Anthropology», 167(3), p. 615-627. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.23689 http://hdl.handle.net/10451/36572
DAURA, J.; SANZ, M.; ARSUAGA, J. L.; HOFFMANN, D. L.; QUAM, R. M.; ORTEGA, M. C.; SANTOS, E.; GOMEZ, S.; RUBIO, A.; VILLAESCUSA, L.; SOUTO, P.; MAURÍCIO, P.; RODRIGUES, F.; FERREIRA, A.; GODINHO, P.; TRINKAUS, E.; ZILHÃO, J. (2017) — New Middle Pleistocene hominin cranium from Gruta da Aroeira (Portugal). «Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA», 114(13), p. 3397-3402. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1619040114 http://hdl.handle.net/10451/30462
DAURA, J.; SANZ, M.; ARSUAGA, J. L.; QUAM, R.; HOFFMANN, D. L.; ORTEGA, M. C.; SANTOS, E.; GÓMEZ, S.; RUBIO, A.; VILLAESCUSA, L.; SOUTO, P.; RODRIGUES, F.; MAURÍCIO, J.; FERREIRA, A.; GODINHO, P.; TRINKAUS, E.; ZILHÃO, J. (2017) — O crânio humano acheulense do Plistocénico Médio da Gruta da Aroeira. In J. M. Arnaud & A. Martins (Eds.), Arqueologia em Portugal / 2017 – Estado da Questão (pp. 295-302). Lisboa: Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/30464
DAURA, J.; SANZ, M.; ARSUAGA, J. L.; QUAM, R.; HOFFMANN, D. L.; ORTEGA, M. C.; SANTOS, E.; GÓMEZ, S.; RUBIO, A.; VILLAESCUSA, L.; SOUTO, P.; RODRIGUES, F.; MAURÍCIO, J.; FERREIRA, A.; GODINHO, P.; TRINKAUS, E.; ZILHÃO, J. (2017) — The Middle Pleistocene Human Cranium from Gruta da Aroeira Acheulian site Aroeira (Almonda Karst System,Torres Novas, Portugal). «American Journal of Physical Anthropology», 162 (S64), p. 157-158. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/31335
DESCHAMPS, M.; MATIAS, H.; ZILHÃO, J. (2016) — Patterns of long-term change in Middle Paleolithic stone tool technology at Gruta da Oliveira (Almonda karst system, Torres Novas, Portugal). «Proceedings of the European Society for the study of Human Evolution», Vol.5. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/26392
RICHTER, D.; ANGELUCCI, D. E.; DIAS, M. I.; PRUDÊNCIO, M. I.; GOUVEIA, M. A.; CARDOSO, G. J.; BURBIDGE, C. I.; ZILHÃO, J. (2014) — Heated flint TL-dating for Gruta da Oliveira (Portugal): dosimetric challenges and comparison of chronometric data. «Journal of Archaeological Science», 41, p. 705-715. PDF (1986 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J.; ANGELUCCI, D.; AUBRY, Th.; BADAL, E.; BRUGAL, J.-Ph.; CARVALHO, R.; GAMEIRO, C.; HOFFMANN, D.; MATIAS, H.; MAURÍCIO, J.; NABAIS, M.; PIKE, A. W. G.; PÓVOAS, L.; RICHTER, D.; SOUTO, P.; TRINKAUS, E.; WAINER, K.; WILLMAN, J. (2013) — A Gruta da Oliveira (Torres Novas): uma jazida de referência para o Paleolítico Médio da Península Ibérica, in ARNAUD, J. M.; MARTINS, A.; NEVES, C. (eds.) — «Arqueologia em Portugal – 150 Anos», Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses, Lisboa, p. 259-268. PDF (9342 Kb)
HOFFMANN, D. L.; PIKE, A. W. G.; WAINER, K.; ZILHÃO, J. (2013) — New U-series results for the speleogenesis and the Palaeolithic archaeology of the Almonda karstic system (Torres Novas, Portugal). «Quaternary International», 294, p. 168-182. PDF (3534 Kb)
WILLMAN, J. C.; MAKI, J.; BAYLE, P.; TRINKAUS, E.; ZILHÃO, J. (2012) — Middle Paleolithic Human Remains from the Gruta da Oliveira (Torres Novas), Portugal. «American Journal of Physical Anthropology», 149, p. 39-51. PDF (1121 Kb)
TRINKAUS, E.; BAILEY, S.; DAVIS, S. J. M.; ZILHÃO, J. (2011) — Magdalenian Human Remains from the Galeria da Cisterna (Almonda karstic system, Torres Novas, Portugal). «O Arqueólogo Português», Série V, 1, p. 395-413. PDF (3562 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J.; ANGELUCCI, D.; ARGANT, J.; BRUGAL, J.-Ph.; CARRIÓN, J. S.; CARVALHO, R.; FUENTES, N.; NABAIS, M. (2010) — Humans and Hyenas in the Middle Paleolithic of Gruta da Oliveira (Almonda karstic system, Torres Novas, Portugal), in «1a Reunión de científicos sobre cubiles de hiena (y otros grandes carnívoros) en los yacimientos arqueológicos de la Península Ibérica». Zona Arqueológica, Alcalá de Henares, Museo Arqueológico Regional, p. 298-308. PDF (4009 Kb)
ANGELUCCI, D.; ZILHÃO, J. (2009) — Stratigraphy and Formation Processes of the Late Pleistocene Deposit at Gruta da Oliveira, Almonda Karstic System, Torres Novas, Portugal. «Geoarchaeology», 24 (3), p. 277-310. PDF (14,510 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J. (2009) — The Early Neolithic artifact assemblage from the Galeria da Cisterna (Almonda karstic system, Torres Novas, Portugal), in «De Méditerranée et d’ailleurs. Mélanges offerts à Jean Guilaine», Toulouse, Archives d’Écologie Préhistorique, p. 821-835. PDF (4332 Kb)
TRINKAUS, E.; MAKI, J.; ZILHÃO, J. (2007) — Middle Paleolithic Human Remains From the Gruta da Oliveira (Torres Novas), Portugal. «American Journal of Physical Anthropology», 134, p. 263-273. PDF (564 Kb)
MARKS, A.; MONIGAL, K.; ZILHÃO, J. (2001) — The lithic assemblages of the Late Mousterian at Gruta da Oliveira, Almonda, Portugal, in ZILHÃO, J.; AUBRY, Th.; CARVALHO, A. F. (eds.) — «Les premiers hommes modernes de la Péninsule Ibérique. Actes du Colloque de la Comission VIII de l’UISPP, Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Octobre 1998», Trabalhos de Arqueologia 17, Lisboa, Instituto Português de Arqueologia, p. 145-154. PDF (5701 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J.; MCKINNEY, C. (1995) — Uranium-Thorium dating of Lower and Middle Paleolithic sites in the Almonda karstic system (Torres Novas, Portugal), in «3ª Reunião do Quaternário Ibérico. Actas», Coimbra, Universidade de Coimbra, p. 513-516. PDF (219 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J.; MAURÍCIO, J.; SOUTO, P. (1993) — Jazidas arqueológicas do sistema cársico da nascente do Almonda. «Nova Augusta», 7, Torres Novas, p. 35-54. PDF (1272 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J.; MAURÍCIO, J.; SOUTO, P. (1991) — A Arqueologia da Gruta do Almonda. Resultados das escavações de 1988-89, in «Actas das IV Jornadas Arqueológicas (Lisboa, 1990)», Lisboa, Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses, p. 161-171. PDF (600 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J.; ANGELUCCI, D. E.; IGREJA, M. A.; ARNOLD, L. J.; BADAL, E.; CALLAPEZ, P.; CARDOSO, J. L.; d'ERRICO, F.; DAURA, J.; DEMURO, M.; DESCHAMPS, M.; DUPONT, C.; GABRIEL, S.; HOFFMANN, D. L.; LEGOINHA, P.; MATIAS, H.; SOARES, A. M.; NABAIS, M.; PORTELA, P.; QUEFFELEC., A.; RODRIGUES, F.; SOUTO, P. (2020) — Last Interglacial Iberian Neandertals as fisher-hunter-gatherers. «Science», 367(6485), eaaz7943. doi: 10.1126/science.aaz7943. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/42633
CONDE-VALVERDE, M.; QUAM, R.; MARTINEZ, I.; ARSUAGA, J.-L.; DAURA, J.; SANZ, M.; ZILHÃO, J. (2018) — The bony labyrinth in the Aroeira 3 Middle Pleistocene cranium. «Journal of Human Evolution», 124, p. 105-116. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2018.08.003. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/36551
DAURA, J.; SANZ, M.; DESCHAMPS, M.; MATIAS, H.; IGREJA, M.; VILLAESCUSA, L.; GOMEZ, S.; RUBIO, A.; SOUTO, P.; RODRIGUES, F.; ZILHÃO, J.(2018) — A 400,000-year-old Acheulean assemblage associated with the Aroeira-3 human cranium (Gruta da Aroeira, Almonda karst system, Portugal). «Comptes Rendus Palevol», 17(8), p. 594-615. doi: 10.1016/j.crpv.2018.03.003. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/36552
DESCHAMPS, M.; ZILHÃO, J. (2018) — Assessing site formation and assemblage integrity through stone tool refitting at Gruta da Oliveira (Almonda karst system, Torres Novas, Portugal): A Middle Paleolithic case study. «PLoS One», 13(2), e0192423. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192423. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/31796
LÓPEZ-GARCÍA, J. M.; BLAIN, H.-A.; SANZ, M.; DAURA, J.; ZILHÃO, J. (2018) — Refining the environmental and climatic background of the Middle Pleistocene human cranium from Gruta da Aroeira (Torres Novas, Portugal). «Quaternary Science Reviews», 200, p. 367-375. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.10.003 http://hdl.handle.net/10451/36569
SANZ, M.; SALA, N.; DAURA, J.; PANTOJA-PEREZ, A.; SANTOS, E.; ZILHÃO, J.; ARSUAGA, J. L. (2018) — Taphonomic inferences about Middle Pleistocene hominins: The human cranium of Gruta da Aroeira (Portugal). «American Journal of Physical Anthropology», 167(3), p. 615-627. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.23689 http://hdl.handle.net/10451/36572
DAURA, J.; SANZ, M.; ARSUAGA, J. L.; HOFFMANN, D. L.; QUAM, R. M.; ORTEGA, M. C.; SANTOS, E.; GOMEZ, S.; RUBIO, A.; VILLAESCUSA, L.; SOUTO, P.; MAURÍCIO, P.; RODRIGUES, F.; FERREIRA, A.; GODINHO, P.; TRINKAUS, E.; ZILHÃO, J. (2017) — New Middle Pleistocene hominin cranium from Gruta da Aroeira (Portugal). «Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA», 114(13), p. 3397-3402. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1619040114 http://hdl.handle.net/10451/30462
DAURA, J.; SANZ, M.; ARSUAGA, J. L.; QUAM, R.; HOFFMANN, D. L.; ORTEGA, M. C.; SANTOS, E.; GÓMEZ, S.; RUBIO, A.; VILLAESCUSA, L.; SOUTO, P.; RODRIGUES, F.; MAURÍCIO, J.; FERREIRA, A.; GODINHO, P.; TRINKAUS, E.; ZILHÃO, J. (2017) — O crânio humano acheulense do Plistocénico Médio da Gruta da Aroeira. In J. M. Arnaud & A. Martins (Eds.), Arqueologia em Portugal / 2017 – Estado da Questão (pp. 295-302). Lisboa: Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/30464
DAURA, J.; SANZ, M.; ARSUAGA, J. L.; QUAM, R.; HOFFMANN, D. L.; ORTEGA, M. C.; SANTOS, E.; GÓMEZ, S.; RUBIO, A.; VILLAESCUSA, L.; SOUTO, P.; RODRIGUES, F.; MAURÍCIO, J.; FERREIRA, A.; GODINHO, P.; TRINKAUS, E.; ZILHÃO, J. (2017) — The Middle Pleistocene Human Cranium from Gruta da Aroeira Acheulian site Aroeira (Almonda Karst System,Torres Novas, Portugal). «American Journal of Physical Anthropology», 162 (S64), p. 157-158. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/31335
DESCHAMPS, M.; MATIAS, H.; ZILHÃO, J. (2016) — Patterns of long-term change in Middle Paleolithic stone tool technology at Gruta da Oliveira (Almonda karst system, Torres Novas, Portugal). «Proceedings of the European Society for the study of Human Evolution», Vol.5. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/26392
RICHTER, D.; ANGELUCCI, D. E.; DIAS, M. I.; PRUDÊNCIO, M. I.; GOUVEIA, M. A.; CARDOSO, G. J.; BURBIDGE, C. I.; ZILHÃO, J. (2014) — Heated flint TL-dating for Gruta da Oliveira (Portugal): dosimetric challenges and comparison of chronometric data. «Journal of Archaeological Science», 41, p. 705-715. PDF (1986 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J.; ANGELUCCI, D.; AUBRY, Th.; BADAL, E.; BRUGAL, J.-Ph.; CARVALHO, R.; GAMEIRO, C.; HOFFMANN, D.; MATIAS, H.; MAURÍCIO, J.; NABAIS, M.; PIKE, A. W. G.; PÓVOAS, L.; RICHTER, D.; SOUTO, P.; TRINKAUS, E.; WAINER, K.; WILLMAN, J. (2013) — A Gruta da Oliveira (Torres Novas): uma jazida de referência para o Paleolítico Médio da Península Ibérica, in ARNAUD, J. M.; MARTINS, A.; NEVES, C. (eds.) — «Arqueologia em Portugal – 150 Anos», Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses, Lisboa, p. 259-268. PDF (9342 Kb)
HOFFMANN, D. L.; PIKE, A. W. G.; WAINER, K.; ZILHÃO, J. (2013) — New U-series results for the speleogenesis and the Palaeolithic archaeology of the Almonda karstic system (Torres Novas, Portugal). «Quaternary International», 294, p. 168-182. PDF (3534 Kb)
WILLMAN, J. C.; MAKI, J.; BAYLE, P.; TRINKAUS, E.; ZILHÃO, J. (2012) — Middle Paleolithic Human Remains from the Gruta da Oliveira (Torres Novas), Portugal. «American Journal of Physical Anthropology», 149, p. 39-51. PDF (1121 Kb)
TRINKAUS, E.; BAILEY, S.; DAVIS, S. J. M.; ZILHÃO, J. (2011) — Magdalenian Human Remains from the Galeria da Cisterna (Almonda karstic system, Torres Novas, Portugal). «O Arqueólogo Português», Série V, 1, p. 395-413. PDF (3562 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J.; ANGELUCCI, D.; ARGANT, J.; BRUGAL, J.-Ph.; CARRIÓN, J. S.; CARVALHO, R.; FUENTES, N.; NABAIS, M. (2010) — Humans and Hyenas in the Middle Paleolithic of Gruta da Oliveira (Almonda karstic system, Torres Novas, Portugal), in «1a Reunión de científicos sobre cubiles de hiena (y otros grandes carnívoros) en los yacimientos arqueológicos de la Península Ibérica». Zona Arqueológica, Alcalá de Henares, Museo Arqueológico Regional, p. 298-308. PDF (4009 Kb)
ANGELUCCI, D.; ZILHÃO, J. (2009) — Stratigraphy and Formation Processes of the Late Pleistocene Deposit at Gruta da Oliveira, Almonda Karstic System, Torres Novas, Portugal. «Geoarchaeology», 24 (3), p. 277-310. PDF (14,510 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J. (2009) — The Early Neolithic artifact assemblage from the Galeria da Cisterna (Almonda karstic system, Torres Novas, Portugal), in «De Méditerranée et d’ailleurs. Mélanges offerts à Jean Guilaine», Toulouse, Archives d’Écologie Préhistorique, p. 821-835. PDF (4332 Kb)
TRINKAUS, E.; MAKI, J.; ZILHÃO, J. (2007) — Middle Paleolithic Human Remains From the Gruta da Oliveira (Torres Novas), Portugal. «American Journal of Physical Anthropology», 134, p. 263-273. PDF (564 Kb)
MARKS, A.; MONIGAL, K.; ZILHÃO, J. (2001) — The lithic assemblages of the Late Mousterian at Gruta da Oliveira, Almonda, Portugal, in ZILHÃO, J.; AUBRY, Th.; CARVALHO, A. F. (eds.) — «Les premiers hommes modernes de la Péninsule Ibérique. Actes du Colloque de la Comission VIII de l’UISPP, Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Octobre 1998», Trabalhos de Arqueologia 17, Lisboa, Instituto Português de Arqueologia, p. 145-154. PDF (5701 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J.; MCKINNEY, C. (1995) — Uranium-Thorium dating of Lower and Middle Paleolithic sites in the Almonda karstic system (Torres Novas, Portugal), in «3ª Reunião do Quaternário Ibérico. Actas», Coimbra, Universidade de Coimbra, p. 513-516. PDF (219 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J.; MAURÍCIO, J.; SOUTO, P. (1993) — Jazidas arqueológicas do sistema cársico da nascente do Almonda. «Nova Augusta», 7, Torres Novas, p. 35-54. PDF (1272 Kb)
ZILHÃO, J.; MAURÍCIO, J.; SOUTO, P. (1991) — A Arqueologia da Gruta do Almonda. Resultados das escavações de 1988-89, in «Actas das IV Jornadas Arqueológicas (Lisboa, 1990)», Lisboa, Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses, p. 161-171. PDF (600 Kb)