4. SHIU: HISTÓRIA DA ARQUEOLOGIA EM PORTUGAL; TEORIA DA ARQUEOLOGIA.
direcção: Ana Cristina Martins
Investiga o desenvolvimento da arqueologia em Portugal, de um ponto de vista intrínseco e extrínseco, analisando teorias assomadas nos últimos dois séculos, correlacionando-as a diferentes agendas, à arqueologia produzida nas principais escolas europeias, com destaque para as espanholas. Os resultados destes estudos têm sido divulgados em encontros nacionais e internacionais, assim como em publicações da especialidade.
Membros:
Ana Cristina Martins. Victor S. Gonçalves. João Luís Cardoso. Carlos Fabião. Mariana Diniz. António Carvalho.
Projectos concluídos e em curso:
- A Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses (1863-1963) (concluído).
- O Museu Arqueológico do Carmo (1864-1963) (concluído).
- Os discursos (in)visíveis da Arqueologia portuguesa: o Museu Nacional de Arqueologia sob direcção de Manuel Heleno. (1929-1965) (em finalização)
- Pioneiros da Arqueologia em Portugal (em curso).
- A Arqueologia no Portugal do século XX: teorias, métodos, protagonistas, instituições, projectos e agendamentos (em curso).
(English)
During the last years we have witnessed a growing number of studies concerning the history of archaeology. This is essentially due to the outstanding authority of Anglo-Saxon historiographical tradition in this field, as well as to the latest post-processual archaeological theories. Nevertheless, we cannot disregard European political occurrences which have been compelling archaeologists to think over history of their one archaeology putting it into political-cultural period and environment context.
To understand the many ways archaeologists have formulated their own theoretical and practical questions, the criteria in selecting the archaeological data, the questions they developed, the answers they searched, and even the way they interpreted that same data, we will practice an historical approach. Only analysing all social components of political and geographical realities we will comprehend most of the regional diversities in archaeological data interpretations and its chronological evolution. Particularly throughout the 80s and the 90s, the history of archaeology in Portugal was mostly converged to the publishing of printed documents, overlooking, from time to time, that they followed a selection of certain features of a much more diversify science discernible somewhat thanks to an meticulous account of all kind of writings.
Archives, to some extent related to archaeology comprises documents indispensable to recognize less detectable sides, but even so fundamental to the understanding of the multiplicity of archaeological exercise. It is, therefore, our main goal to evaluate the history of archaeology in Portugal, using extensive documental and iconographic public and private archives for a continuing research into the relations of Portuguese archaeology and national identity, investigating the political instrumentation of archaeological research, as well as its scientific and institutional history.
Scrutinising the ways in which it interacted with society and politics, and how it influenced the determining of core narratives and methodologies during the 19th and the 20th centuries, we will contemplate the period between the first years of the 20th and the 60’s in connection to the republican regime and dictatorship, rebuilding the history of excavations, interpretations, heritage management, public presentation and correspondence with other institutions and individuals from within the country and abroad.
Since the history of archaeology is closely related to the history of each country distinguished by specific cross-boundaries, research programmes, and international tendencies, we will disclose the ways cultural bias predisposed archaeological praxis. We will also demonstrate how economical, political, social, and cultural contexts explained archaeological theoretical issues, and if and how these questions shaped political agendas.
Membros:
Ana Cristina Martins. Victor S. Gonçalves. João Luís Cardoso. Carlos Fabião. Mariana Diniz. António Carvalho.
Projectos concluídos e em curso:
- A Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses (1863-1963) (concluído).
- O Museu Arqueológico do Carmo (1864-1963) (concluído).
- Os discursos (in)visíveis da Arqueologia portuguesa: o Museu Nacional de Arqueologia sob direcção de Manuel Heleno. (1929-1965) (em finalização)
- Pioneiros da Arqueologia em Portugal (em curso).
- A Arqueologia no Portugal do século XX: teorias, métodos, protagonistas, instituições, projectos e agendamentos (em curso).
(English)
During the last years we have witnessed a growing number of studies concerning the history of archaeology. This is essentially due to the outstanding authority of Anglo-Saxon historiographical tradition in this field, as well as to the latest post-processual archaeological theories. Nevertheless, we cannot disregard European political occurrences which have been compelling archaeologists to think over history of their one archaeology putting it into political-cultural period and environment context.
To understand the many ways archaeologists have formulated their own theoretical and practical questions, the criteria in selecting the archaeological data, the questions they developed, the answers they searched, and even the way they interpreted that same data, we will practice an historical approach. Only analysing all social components of political and geographical realities we will comprehend most of the regional diversities in archaeological data interpretations and its chronological evolution. Particularly throughout the 80s and the 90s, the history of archaeology in Portugal was mostly converged to the publishing of printed documents, overlooking, from time to time, that they followed a selection of certain features of a much more diversify science discernible somewhat thanks to an meticulous account of all kind of writings.
Archives, to some extent related to archaeology comprises documents indispensable to recognize less detectable sides, but even so fundamental to the understanding of the multiplicity of archaeological exercise. It is, therefore, our main goal to evaluate the history of archaeology in Portugal, using extensive documental and iconographic public and private archives for a continuing research into the relations of Portuguese archaeology and national identity, investigating the political instrumentation of archaeological research, as well as its scientific and institutional history.
Scrutinising the ways in which it interacted with society and politics, and how it influenced the determining of core narratives and methodologies during the 19th and the 20th centuries, we will contemplate the period between the first years of the 20th and the 60’s in connection to the republican regime and dictatorship, rebuilding the history of excavations, interpretations, heritage management, public presentation and correspondence with other institutions and individuals from within the country and abroad.
Since the history of archaeology is closely related to the history of each country distinguished by specific cross-boundaries, research programmes, and international tendencies, we will disclose the ways cultural bias predisposed archaeological praxis. We will also demonstrate how economical, political, social, and cultural contexts explained archaeological theoretical issues, and if and how these questions shaped political agendas.
